基于 CentOS7.2 的 Django 环境搭建

基于 CentOS7.2 的 Django 环境搭建

Comments 0 Comment

安装 Django

任务时间：5min ~ 10min

先安装 PIP，再通过 PIP 安装 Django

安装 PIP

cd /data;
mkdir tmp;
cd tmp;
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py;
python ./get-pip.py;

使用 PIP，安装 Django

pip install Django==1.11.7

安装 Mysql

任务时间：10min ~ 15min

安装并启动 mariadb

因为 CentOS 7 之后的版本都不在提供 Mysql 安装源，这里我们使用 mariadb 代替 mysql，依次执行下列命令

yum install mariadb mariadb-server -y

yum install MySQL-python -y

systemctl start mariadb

对 mariadb 进行初始化设置

  • 执行下面命令，根据提示操作
  • 设置新密码为 test
  • 默认密码为空，直接回车即可
mysql_secure_installation

使用设置的密码登陆 mariadb

  • 登陆 db，这里假设密码被设置为 test
mysql -uroot -ptest

创建一个数据库

create database mysite;

成功后，输入 exit 命令退出 db

exit

创建 Django 项目

任务时间：10min ~ 15min

创建 mysite 项目

  • 在 /data/ 目录下，创建一个名为 mysite 的 Django 项目
cd /data/
django-admin startproject mysite

修改配置文件，与 Mysql 数据库相关联

  • 备注：SECRET_KEY 配置项无需修改
  • 编辑 /data/mysite/mysite/settings.py
示例代码：/data/mysite/mysite/settings.py
"""
Django settings for mysite project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.7.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'm4@g1=hz^08y(9d)v5l!8^*0wbla=oe15s@u8@5^pw=llfz48%'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'mysite',
        'PASSWORD':'test',
        'USER': 'root',
        'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
        'PORT':'3306',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

创建 Django 数据库

cd /data/mysite
python manage.py migrate

启动 Django

python manage.py runserver
  • 如果没有报错，就说明 Django 已经安装成功了，并且跟 Mysql 的连接正常

退出 Django

按 ctrl+c 退出 Django 服务

安装 Nginx

任务时间：5min ~ 10min

通过 yum 安装 Nginx

yum install nginx -y

启动 Nginx 服务

systemctl start nginx
  • 访问下面的链接，可以看到 nginx 的欢迎界面
    http://<您的 CVM IP 地址>/

安装 uwsgi

任务时间：5min ~ 10min

使用 yum 命令安装 uwsgi

yum install uwsgi uwsgi-plugin-python -y

让 Nginx，uwsgi，Django 协同工作

任务时间：5min ~ 15min

修改 Nginx 配置文件

  • 编辑 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
示例代码：/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        listen       [::]:80 default_server;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {
            include uwsgi_params;
            uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;
        }

        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

# Settings for a TLS enabled server.
#
#    server {
#        listen       443 ssl http2 default_server;
#        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;
#        server_name  _;
#        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
#
#        ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";
#        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";
#        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
#        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
#        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
#        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
#        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
#        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
#
#        location / {
#        }
#
#        error_page 404 /404.html;
#            location = /40x.html {
#        }
#
#        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
#            location = /50x.html {
#        }
#    }

}

重启 Nginx

/usr/sbin/nginx -s reload

创建 uwsgi 配置文件

请在 /data/mysite 目录下创建 uwsgi.ini，参考下面的内容。

示例代码：/data/mysite/uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:8000
chdir = /data/mysite
wsgi-file = mysite/wsgi.py
processes = 4
threads = 2
stats = 127.0.0.1:9191
uid = nobody
gid = nobody
master = true
harakiri = 30
daemonize = /data/mysite/uwsgi.log
plugins = python

启动 uwsgi

uwsgi uwsgi.ini

测试

访问链接 http://<您的 CVM IP 地址>/
如果可以看到 Django 的界面，恭喜你，环境搭建成功

發表迴響

這個網站採用 Akismet 服務減少垃圾留言。進一步了解 Akismet 如何處理網站訪客的留言資料。